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Art and Culture

  • Nalanda Mahavihara - The ancient University at Nalanda:-

  • Nalanda was an ancient Mahavihara, a large and revered Buddhist monastery, in the ancient kingdom of Magadha (modern-day Bihar) in India.
  • Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The site now comprises the archaeological remains of a monastic and scholastic institution dating from the 5th century CE to the 13th century CE. It includes stupas, shrines, viharas(residential and educational buildings) and important art works in stucco, stone and metal.
  • It is the most ancient university of the Indian Subcontinent and was engaged in the organized transmission of knowledge over an uninterrupted period of 800 years.
  • It prospered under the patronage of the Gupta Empire during 5th and 6th century as also during the reign of emperor Harsha of Kannauj.
  • Students and scholars from places like China, Central Asia, Korea and Tibet studied were taught Mahayana, Hinayana, Sanskrit grammar, Vedas and Samkhya among others.
  • Nalanda Mahavihara, as a centre for higher learning marks the zenith in the evolution of sangharama (monastic establishment) into the earliest higher learning establishment of early medieval India.
  • Nalanda was ransacked and destroyed by an army of the Mamluk Dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate under Bakhtiyar Khalji in the 13th Century.
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